ABSTRACT
@#Combination of The Childhood Autism Rating Scale™ Second Edition - Standard Clinical Tool (CARS2-ST) with criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) is thought to improve diagnostic process. To meet diagnostic needs, localized, Indonesian-translated version of CARS2-ST is developed. Therefore, assessment of construct validity of the Indonesian-language translated CARS2-ST must be performed. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Child Development Center in Surabaya, Indonesia from August to December 2019. Diagnosis of ASD then performed by using CARS2-ST and DSM-5 criteria. To assess construct validity, principal components analysis and Kaiser-varimax rotation was performed for CARS2-ST in order to determine factors. DSM-5 criteria for ASD was used to compare scale.There were 201 children aged 2 - 6 years old with reported speech and behavior problems. Sixty-six children were diagnosed for ASD. Factor analysis using Kaiser-varimax rotation indicates a significant two factors: social communication and interaction factor and restrictive stereotyped behaviors and sensory factor sensitivites. The factors satisfyingly reflects the criteria for ASD in DSM-5.Construct validity of Indonesian-translated version of CARS2-ST is confirmed, as shown by its correspondence with DSM-5 criteria for diagnosing . This study supports the continued relevance of the Indonesian CARS2-ST in ASD assessment.
ABSTRACT
To investigate the predictive factors for dehydration in acute diarrheal patients, this case control study was conducted using the observational analytic method. Acute diarrheal patients who were admitted to the Hospital and Outpatient Pediatric Clinic, Dr Soetomo Hospital, were included in this study. By discriminant analysis, three significant variables were determined to differentiate dehydration risk in acute diarrheal patients: frequency of stool, amount of feces in the stool, and severity of vomiting (power test: 70.0%). Significant differences were found between the groups with and without dehydration for stool frequency each day (p<0.05), amount of stool per day (p<0.05), and severity of vomiting (p<0.05). Frequency of stool, amount of stool, and severity of vomiting are predictive factors for dehydration in acute diarrhea.